Samedi 17 novembre 2007 6 17 /11 /2007 05:11

Article publié dans le magazine ESCP-EAP mag de Septembre-Octobre 2007
par Nicolas LAPORTE

Directeur Financier de Ford en Russie depuis deux ans, Nicolas ne regrette pas son choix tant au niveau du travail que de l'environnement.

On m'a proposé le poste en Russie un vendredi soir, et j'avais deux jours pour réfléchir. La question n'était pas le poste, mais … êtes-vous intéressé par la Russie. Moscou? Ne parlant pas russe, et vu les articles publiés dans la presse, j'ai d'abord imaginé l'exil forcé façon "prison sibérienne". Le lundi matin, ma réponse était de poursuivre la discussion, car j'avais le soutien de ma femme. Les discussions ont continué, et j'ai vraiment pris la mesure du défi à relever. 

 
Un march
é dynamique et bien spécifique
Ford fut le premier constructeur automobile à implanter une usine en Russie en 2002. Aujourd'hui la marque couvre l'ensemble du territoire dans près de 100 villes. La Russie représente le premier marché en Europe pour la croissance et le troisième dans le monde après la Chine et l'Inde. Les ventes doublent chaque année et la marque est leader des constructeurs étrangers.

La Russie est une priorité pour l'ensemble des constructeurs automobiles dans le monde. En 2006, avec 1.8 millions de nouvelles voitures, la Russie représentait le 8ème marché dans le monde et le 5ème en Europe, dépassant de grands marchés, comme l'Espagne et le Brésil. De plus la densité de voitures pour 1000 habitants était trois fois inférieure à l'Allemagne.

La très forte croissance profite alors aux constructeurs étrangers. Les marques russes n'ont plus la faveur des consommateurs. En 2006, seulement 37% des voitures vendues étaient de marques russes contre 58.1% en 2004; belle progression !

La dynamique du marché s'explique par plusieurs facteurs:

-  
De plus en plus de constructeurs étrangers produisent localement bénéficiant d'un régime fiscal (décret 166) de quasi-absence de droits ou taxes (les droits d'importation sont de 25%). 
-  
Ces 18 derniers mois, les marques étrangères sans implantation industrielle en Russie se sont bousculées pour déposer des demandes auprès des autorités russes pour bénéficier de ce décret avant l'entrée probable de la Russie dans l'OMC.
Le boom économique du pays permet l'émergence d'une clientèle avec un pouvoir d'achat grandissant. Le développement du crédit se trouve par conséquent facilité (environ 35% des ventes).
-
Une concurrence vive entre les marques.
Une densification des réseaux de distribution en dehors de Moscou et de Saint-Pétersbourg.

 

Le client russe se distingue du client européen sur trois points:
- 
Très informé sur les produits. La presse automobile russe publie des magazines et journaux remarquables. Essayer d'écouler des produits dépassés en Europe peut s'avérer très risqué pour la stratégie marketing.
- 
Attache peu d'importance aux arguments écologiques (rejets de CO²) ou à la consommation.
- Intéressé par les modèles de taille moyenne (segment C) et les 4x4.

Bilan 
Dans un marché en pleine explosion, on ne s'attend pas à être confronté immédiatement à des difficultés. Et c'est bien le paradoxe de la Russie. La complexité administrative est maximum et toutes les activités d'une entreprise sont concernées: supply-chain, comptabilité, finance, trésorerie, fiscalité, juridique… Les textes, quand ils existent, sont parfois contradictoires. La jurisprudence n'existe pas. Enfin, les autorités fiscales de Saint-Pétersbourg peuvent avoir un avis différent de celles de Moscou.

Les défis et nouveaux projets continuent. Recruter du personnel qualifié et fidéliser les équipes est un challenge tant la surenchère sur les salaires est permanente. Nous lançons une nouvelle activité de ventes de camions poids-lourds. Et en juillet dernier, Ford a décidé d'investir pour accroitre les capacités de production et lancer la fabrication d'un deuxième modèle de voiture.

Cette expérience est passionnante. La réussite passe par un engagement réel et continu, et beaucoup d'énergie. Enfin, un conseil: toujours être à l'écoute vos interlocuteurs (clients, collaborateurs, fournisseurs) et toujours respecter les règles.


Nicolas LAPORTE

Article publié dans ESCP-EAP Mag
The Alumni Association's Magazine
Numéro 115 -- Septembre-Octobre 2007

Par Nicolas Laporte - Publié dans : Perso_Nicolas
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Mardi 13 novembre 2007 2 13 /11 /2007 19:25
 
Volkswagen will launch its Russian car plant in the city of Kaluga on 28 November.
 
Volkswagen invested around EUR400m in the plant's construction, which started in October 2006, and it is expected to produce 150,000 cars a year, Prime-Tass reported.
 
Volkswagen said earlier that it planned to assemble several models at the plant by 2009, including the Skoda Octavia, Volkswagen Jetta, Volkswagen Passat, Skoda Fabia, Volkswagen Tiguan and the Volkswagen Polo.

Source: just-auto.com -- 13 Nov 2007
Par Nicolas Laporte - Publié dans : Automobile Russie - Automotive Russia
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Lundi 9 avril 2007 1 09 /04 /2007 16:03
Press release -- 09/04/2007
 
 
 
2010: 
4 million vehicles
Operating margin of 5.5 to 6%
No. 1 in environmentally friendly cars
Beyond 2010: The most competitive carmaker in Europe
Operating margin of 6 to 7%  
 
Christian Streiff, Chairman of PSA Peugeot Citroën, today unveiled the Group’s strategy and ambition for 2010-2015. For 2010, PSA Peugeot Citroën has set goals of restoring growth and profitability, selling more than four million vehicles and consolidating its leadership in environmentally friendly cars. For 2015, the Group is committed to being the most competitive carmaker in Europe. Its goal is to have an operating margin of 5.5 to 6% in 2010 and 6 to 7% by 2015.
 
In 2015, PSA Peugeot Citroën intends to be solidly positioned in Europe, steadily growing and profitable, with extensive operations in other global markets and ranking among the leaders in each of its businesses. Faurecia aims to be among the worldwide leaders in each of its activities, Gefco expects to become the European leader in automotive logistics and Banque PSA Finance is determined to remain the benchmark in profitability.
 
Christian Streiff defined the CAP 2010 and Ambition 2015 objectives for the Automobile Division:
 
- A strong improvement in product and service quality. The challenge is to reduce the number of quality incidents by half and to shorten incident resolution times by two-thirds. In terms of service quality, the goal is for Peugeot and Citroën to rank among the European Top 5.
 
- A European product offensive signalling Peugeot’s powerful comeback and Citroën’s acceleration. This challenge involves enhancing both brands’ lineups by strengthening their positions in growth segments, boosting the Group’s leadership in light commercial vehicles and developing a “competitive premium” model in each segment. In all, 29 product launches are planned in Europe between 2007-2010 with differentiated models for each brand in order to improve market coverage significantly. A further objective is to maintain the average age of the lineup at 3 years, compared with 4.5 years in 2006.
 
- A European marketing offensive. This will enable the Group to sell 300,000 additional units in 2010, thanks to a specific strategy for the fleet market, specific actions in the dealerships to support the product offensive, a greater return on media spend and proprietary dealerships turned into real profit centres.
 
- A cost-cutting program in order to reduce warranty costs by half, increase purchasing productivity from 4 to 6% a year, reduce overheads and fixed costs by 30%, shorten development cycles by 30%, reduce supply chain costs by 10%, fully roll out the industrial efficiency “Convergence” program by the end of 2007 and increase capacity utilisation by 20 points.
 
- Highly competitive manufacturing facilities, with the implementation of the PSA Production System, the development of flexible and modular platforms, an extension of the manufacturing and sourcing base in emerging markets and an increase in post-production vehicle customisation.
 
- An international offensive intended to sell an additional 400,000 vehicles outside Europe in 2010.
 
  • In Mercosur, the Group plans to gradually double its sales to 400,000 vehicles. In Brazil, the objective is to join the “Big 4” auto industry leaders. To achieve this goal, PSA Peugeot Citroën will launch 12 new models, become a player in the entry-level segment, strengthen and extend the two brands’ dealer networks, swiftly free up additional production capacity, increase local content and strengthen R&D in the region.
  • In China, the Group’s ambition for 2015 is to become an established, profitable industry player with sales increasing to one million units. To do so, it plans to start up new manufacturing facilities with its partner Dongfeng Motor by 2010, while renewing the Peugeot and Citroën lineups and launching 12 new models. A feasibility study has also been launched for a joint venture with Chinese carmaker Hafei, which would provide the Group with a third plant in the South. At the same time, the China Business Unit intends to develop R&D and styling centres and strengthen purchasing.
  • In Russia, PSA Peugeot Citroën has set an objective of 100,000 vehicles in 2010, and to increase sales rapidly to 300,000 units.
 
- Overall, the product strategy will enable both brands—in all markets—to strengthen their presence in growth segments (especially in non-sedan lineups), to offer “competitive premium” models in each segment and to provide a competitive response when necessary in the entry-level segment. In total, worldwide, 53 new models will be launched in 4 years, from 2007 to 2010.
 
- Lastly, the Group wants to strengthen its leadership in environmentally friendly cars. The objective is to reduce its average CO2 emissions in Europe by at least 10g/km. This will involve gearing up R&D on engines and extensively rolling out hybrid technologies, with the launch of HDi hybrids in 2010 and sales of one million Stop & Start units from 2011. Engines that run on 30% biodiesel will be widely available across the lineups and a bioethanol offer will be introduced, matching the demand of each country.
 
After a four-year decline in margins, the higher volumes and lower costs generated by CAP 2010 will drive a sustainable recovery in the Group operating margin, which is expected to reach 5.5 to 6% in 2010 then improve to achieve 6 to 7% over the 2010- 2015 period.
 
This strategic plan will make PSA Peugeot Citroën the most competitive carmaker in Europe, steadily growing and profitable, with significant international development, open to opportunities of strengthening and of creating shareholder value. 

SOURCE: PSA Press Release -- 9 April 2007
 
- Publié dans : Automobile Russie - Automotive Russia
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Lundi 29 mai 2006 1 29 /05 /2006 13:46
PRESS RELEASE

Pischetsrieder: Significantly strengthening position in Russia

Wolfsburg/Moscow, 29 May 2006 - The way for a new Volkswagen AG production plant in Russia is clear. The Chairman of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG, Dr. Bernd Pischetsrieder, and the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Skoda Auto, Detlef Wittig, signed the necessary contracts with the Russian Federation and the Kaluga Oblast in Moscow on Monday. The new plant will be built in the city of Kaluga some 160 kilometers to the south west of Moscow. Representing the Russian partners, the contracts were signed by Minister German Gref on behalf of the Russian government and Governor Anatoly Artamonov on behalf of the city of Kaluga. “We will be significantly expanding our position in Russia over the coming years with this new plant. It represents an important strategic step for our Group, and also contributes to securing jobs in Germany,” commented Pischetsrieder.

"We are firmly resolved to tap the considerable growth opportunities offered by the Russian market,” said Pischetsrieder. He added that, due to high customs duties on imported automobiles, Volkswagen and Skoda models could only be offered at competitive prices if they were produced in Russia. “The new plant means lower customs duties and more attractive prices for our cars. That is how we can significantly increase our market volumes in Russia and thus raise capacity utilization at the Group’s component plants.” Pischetsrieder stated that the objective was to expand Group sales from some 30,000 vehicles at present to 150,000 units over the next four to five years.

During the run-in phase, semi knocked-down Volkswagen and Skoda brand models will be assembled in Kaluga from the second half of 2007. The Skoda Octavia will be the first model to leave the assembly line. Initially, some 20,000 units will thus be produced annually. At the same time, full production facilities comprising body shop, paint shop and assembly lines will be installed, with operation scheduled to commence in the first half of 2009.

The Volkswagen brand will develop a vehicle especially for the Russian market. On the basis of present plans, this vehicle will sell for less than 10,000 euros. The notchback limousine will be based on the Polo platform. The Skoda brand will build the Octavia.

The new plant will employ up to 3,500 people. Numerous production parts will be delivered by suppliers in Russia, thus generating a significant share of the automotive added value in Russia. Gearboxes and engines will be supplied by other Group plants.

At its meeting on April 20, 2006, the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG approved the Board of Management’s plans for a significant expansion of the Group’s commitment in Russia. 

 SOURCE: Volkswagen Group -- Press Release -- 29 May 2006

- Publié dans : Automobile Russie - Automotive Russia
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